Mid Test Answers

1.A.explain how the concept of organic compounds from petroleum can be used as a fuel for vehicles, such as car, motorbike, Including aircraft.
B.explain it how the idea of ​​chemical compounds from petroleum can be used to the make clothing and plastic and other material needs of human live
2.explain why the hydrocarbons that are asymmetrical or chiral have a variaety of benefit for human being. and how does it describe the chiral centers can be formed
3.When ethylene gas produced from a ripe fruit can be used to other ripe fruit that are still unripe. how do you idea when the gas is used as fuel gas like methane gas
4.aromatic compounds are marked by ease of adjacent electrons conjugated. please explain why an unsaturated compound roomates but is not highly conjugated aromatic
Answers for
1.a.Senyawa organic oil that is in the earth is biased in use as a fuel after passing stage in the distillation called multilevel way it used to cut the carbon content of the oil that is in the earth, the process of distillation. Namely the separation solution using heat as a separator. The main requirement is that the distillation process is the difference in composition between the liquid phase and vapor phase. Thus, if the composition of the liquid phase and vapor alike face the distillation process is not possible. The process of distillation in petroleum refineries is the primary processing of physics as the beginning of the process of producing fuel
b. Plastics are polymers; long chains of atoms bind to each other. This chain forms many repeated molecular units, or "monomers". Plastics are generally composed of polymers of carbon alone or with oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine or sulfur in the spine and the idea of ​​making this because in the structure of petroleum is composed of more than 400 carbon atoms beriktan very strong so it does not break up and light so absolute bias in use for the manufacture of plastic and other materials wakaupun lightweight and fairly transparent, but he is very strong and not easily torn or damaged so that plastic is not damaged even though the bias was for many years in the soil
2.karena asymmetric or chiral bias was beneficial because it asimtris carbon atoms bind four different atoms so useful for human bias and chiral structures made of carbon atoms that have fariasi name or form because he tied four different atoms and chiral center bias in form is by analysis of chiral
3.Gas ethylene in fruit ripe fruit will be used by others in ensuring that the other is when the oxygen levels around the fruit is low then it etilan gas will be used to bind the ethylene gas that exist in other fruit and then fruit who will cook it will release a lot of carbon diolsida than others.
And methane gas was used to fuel the same as the ethylene gas that reacts with oxygen, resulting in the burning of a bias in the use of fuel and energy for propulsion
4. aromatic compounds due to the requirements it or not it's not just the adjacent electron is conjugate but no more than requisite conjugate aromatic compounds are molecules that have cyclic molecule must be flat, each ring atom must have p perpendicular to the ring plane, and the important thing is must meet legal hucle (pi electrons = 4n +2 (n = integer))

Organic Acids And Bases

Examples of these compounds include: lactic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, citric acid and oxalic acid.
Acetic acid, ethanoic acid or acetic acid is an organic acid chemical compounds known as sour flavoring and aroma in food. Acetic acid has the empirical formula C2H4O2. This formula is often written in the form of CH3-COOH, CH3COOH, or CH3CO2H. Pure acetic acid (called glacial acetic acid) is a colorless hygroscopic liquid, and has a freezing point of 16.7 ° C.
Acetic acid is one of the simplest carboxylic acids, as formic acid. Solution of acetic acid in water is a weak acid, meaning that only partially dissociate into H + and CH3COO-. Acetic acid is a chemical reagent and industrial raw materials is important. Acetic acid is used in the production of polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate, cellulose acetate and polyvinyl acetate, as well as a wide range of fibers and fabrics. In the food industry, acetic acid is used as an acidity regulator. In households, diluted acetic acid is often used as a water softener. Within a year, world demand for acetic acid to 6.5 million tons per year. 1.5 million tons per year generated from the recycling, the remainder derived from the petrochemical industry as well as from biological sources.
And further the organic bases of organic bases that we have encountered many in DNA and RNA da tone also those around us as ammonia
And organic bases in the DNA and RNA were also on the up again there purine bases pyrimidine bases da tone too.

lipids That are Useful for life

Most people feel uncomfortable with his body fat, fat does make the body look fat, but behind all that fat has a useful function for our bodies. Our body shape excess fat from carbohydrates or proteins that rise from our daily diet. In the body fat stored in specific areas and serves as an energy reserve carbohydrates can no longer meet the energy needs of the body. 1 kg of fat can produce 9 kilocalories of energy. It may occur due to the oxygen content in the fat more than carbohydrates that bind oxygen more fat. The more oxygen available will be more active oxidation occurring food substances that are formed so that the energy will be more. In supporting the activities of daily life of an organism, fats have a variety of functions.

As a backup energy source, due to the difficult nature of the fat ingested, the energy obtained as a result of new fat oxidation can be obtained after the energy derived from the oxidation of carbohydrates is very berkurang.energi produced can be a source of energy for all tissues except the brain, lungs and nerves.

As constituting an important component of cell membranes, an important component of cell membranes is a constituent of fat in the form of phospholipids and cholesterol. And also composed of a layer of membrane lipoproteins, which combines layers of fat and protein. Thus, cell membrane function to select nutrients to be through and out of the cell.

As an auxiliary absorption of vitamins, vitamin A, D, E and K are fat soluble only. Without fat, vitamin shall not be dissolved so it can be useful in the process of growth and development because it is not absorbed into the blood to be transported and distributed throughout the body

As bearing organs, in order to protect the vital organs from external influences, especially to temperature changes, organs such as the eye, kidneys, lungs, and the heart is surrounded by a layer of fat.

In defense of body temperature, fats are not continuing drift hot so fat layer of the skin can help prevent loss of body heat.

As the giver of satiety, as an energy source. More fat soluble than carbohydrates and proteins so fat longer be dilambung. Therefore, fat can provide satiety longer.

As a Transport Protein

Proteins are compounds that are beneficial to humans, one of which is for the transport process in which a protein that plays a role is twofold, namely hemoglobin and myoglobin in which plays the same but different placements in the blood of the one in the muscle cells but their functions the same as the binding of oxygen and circulate or in transport
Hemoglobin is metaloprotein (iron-containing protein) in red blood cells that serves as a carrier of oxygen from the lungs throughout the body, in mammals and other animals. Hemoglobin is also the bearer of carbon dioxide back to the lungs to the body exhaled. Hemoglobin molecule consists of globin, Apoprotein, and four heme groups, an organic molecule with an iron atom. Mutations in these genes lead to a class of proteins hemoglobin decreased disease called hemoglobinopathy, among which the most common is sickle cell anemia and thalassemia,
Myoglobin is a monomeric protein tertiary function is to keep a back up oxygen in skeletal muscle cells (striated muscle). Protein is made up of approximately 154 amino acid sequence and contains a single heme group (porphyrin chains containing one iron atom). Gena which encodes the protein myoglobin consists of three exons. Myoglobin protein is composed of eight alpha chain named after the Latin alphabet (A through H). Myoglobin structure was first determined in 1958 by John Kendrew and his friends, so in 1962 he received the Nobel Prize in chemistry.
Unlike hemoglobin which has four heme groups, myoglobin has only a single heme group that binds oxygen intracellular function. Cluster heme is bound by a histidine side chain, ie the chain near the histidine (proximal) that bind heme directly in the chain of hydrophobic proteins and histidine far (distal), which serves to stabilize the heme is bound oxygen.